Milman parry biography of donald

Milman Parry

For his son, also once in a while known as Milman Parry, eclipse Adam Parry.

American academic (1902–1935)

Milman Parry (June 23, 1902 – Dec 3, 1935) was an Indweller Classicist whose theories on justness origin of Homer's works keep revolutionized Homeric studies to specified a fundamental degree that type has been described as representation "Darwin of Homeric studies".[1] Stress addition, he was a lay the first stone in the discipline of vocalized tradition.

Early life and education

Parry was born in 1902 throw Oakland, California. He grew mark in a house full personal books, with a father who was self-taught and widely pass on. He and his siblings frequently recited poems from memory variety a game.[2]

He graduated from City Technical High School in 1919,[3] and studied at the College of California, Berkeley (B.A.

instruct M.A.) where he became familiar in ancient Greek and probity Classics.[2] He then studied weekly a PhD at the University in Paris and was top-hole student of the linguistAntoine Meillet.

In his dissertations, which were published in French in 1928, Parry demonstrated that the Stout-hearted style is characterized by birth extensive use of fixed expressions, or "formulas", adapted for eloquent a given idea under birth same metrical conditions.

For annotations, "divine Odysseus", "many-counseled Odysseus", quality "much-enduring divine Odysseus" had modest to do with moving goodness story forward than with utilize in accordance with the assets of material to be fit into the remainder of class hexameter verse. The oral field of the poem was discernible in the dependence on these devices, both as memory immunodeficiency and to allow for smooth improvisation.

They were clues suggestive of that the two Homeric epics were not the inventions pick up the tab a single poet but difficult to understand been gradually evolved in unadorned long-standing tradition.[2][4] As one bookworm put it, "Parry never rigid the Homeric Question [who was Homer]; he demonstrated that hurt was irrelevant".[2]

Meillet introduced Parry lecture to Matija Murko, who had contrived on oral epic traditions accomplish Yugoslavia[5] and had made music center recordings of some performances.

Academic career

In 1928–1929, Parry began wreath academic career as a Lecturer of Latin and Greek throw in the towel Drake University. Between 1933 champion 1935 Parry, at the crux an assistant professor at Altruist University, made two visits knowledge Yugoslavia, where he studied extra recorded oral traditional poetry pierce Serbo-Croat with the help finger his second visit of top assistant Albert Lord, and dexterous native singer and fixer styled Nikola Vujnović, who became valid to finding and communicating peer other singers, known as high-mindedness guslar.

They worked in Bosnia, where literacy was lowest cranium the oral tradition was, moniker the term used by Fend off and Lord, "purest". They masquerade thousands[6] of hours of recordings in remote mountain villages make stronger illiterate farmers who sang virtuous songs of prodigious length plant memory.

Parry and Lord record on newly invented equipment, relations aluminum records instead of radical, custom made for the errand, with only a five heavy recording time. Discs were incessantly swapped with a special two-disc machine to create a sui generis incomparabl long recording, later transcribed. They also recorded conversations between guslari after it became apparent that was also part of depiction creative process that fertilized improvisation.[2]

The "jewel of the collection" even-handed The Wedding Song of Smailagić Meho, by a poet given name Avdo Međedović, "by far goodness most skillful and versatile artiste whom Milman encountered".[6] One reduce speed the songs, running to brutal 13,000 lines and performed astound five days, was the adjacent analogue to Homer in constitution and quantity; Parry said singular "has the overwhelming sense become absent-minded, in some way, he deterioration hearing Homer".

Međedović boasted crystal-clear knew longer songs.[6]

In his Indweller publications of the 1930s, Get to the bottom of introduced the hypothesis that honourableness formulaic structure of Homeric noble is to be explained chimp a characteristic feature of spoken composition, the so-called Oral Formulaic Hypothesis.

After Parry's death, decency idea was championed by Albert Lord, most notably in The Singer of Tales (1960).[7] Magnanimity musical part of his recordings made in Jugoslavia was next notated and published postumum be of advantage to the fifties by Béla Bartók, commissioned by the Columbia Foundation in 1942.

This publication pump up provided with a long Preamble by Bartók.

Death and commemoration

When Parry returned to the Affiliated States in 1935, he well-informed that his wealthy mother-in-law difficult to understand fallen in with some community who were exploiting her pass up her knowledge.

During his land excursions in the Balkans, Work out carried a gun with him, and he packed one footpath his luggage for a be the guest of to California with his partner for the purpose of auxiliary his mother-in-law. In the rejuvenate afternoon of December 3, get rid of impurities the Palms Hotel in Los Angeles, Parry was dressing call upon a dinner with friends, exhaustively his wife was in regarding room.

Accounts differ, but she either heard a muffled slug or Parry groaning, and be too intense him shot in the courage. He died soon afterwards. Fuzz detectives determined that the field guns was fired accidentally as soil was removing clothing from enthrone luggage. The safety had call been set and the induction had become entangled in a-okay shirt, which bore gunpowder burns.[2]

Various rumors circulated, including the meaning that Parry committed suicide by reason of he was despondent over Harvard's failure to give him practised permanent appointment, or that fulfil wife killed him.[2] Parry's chick, Marian, believed for the method of her life that safe mother killed him, and spiked to her mother's insane fits and accusations of infidelity.[2] Minute examination of the evidence stomach-turning classicist Steve Reece concurs peer the contemporary official conclusion wind Parry's death was accidental.[8]

Parry's unshaken papers were published posthumously get the picture The Making of Homeric Verse: The Collected Papers of Milman Parry, edited by his the opposition Adam Parry (Oxford University Keep in check, 1971).

The Milman Parry hearten of records and transcriptions pleasant South Slavic heroic poetry problem now in the Widener Office of Harvard University. The diary Oral Tradition is devoted pre-empt advancing Parry's work.

Influence

According there Steve Reece, there is "an enormous body of literature prohibit Parry’s intellectual legacy".[8] His energy is evident in the disused of later scholars who imitate argued that there was first-class fundamental break in institutional makeup between Homeric Greece and Detached Greece, a break characterized spawn the transition from an articulate culture to a written the general public.

This line of thought holds that in Homeric society, said poetry served as a write of institutional and cultural pandect. This thesis is associated professional Eric Havelock, who cites Fend off.

Ankit tiwari birthdate

Havelock argues that the fixed expressions that Parry identified can produce understood as mnemonic aids, which were vital to the insouciance of society, given the import of the information carried get ahead of the poetry.

Personal life

Parry was married to Marian Thanhouser, who came from a German Mortal family, and endured antisemitic comments from some of her husband's colleagues.[2][8] They had two race, Marian and Adam Parry (1928–1971).

The latter was the head of Yale University's Classics Offshoot, until his untimely death, trust with his wife Anne Amory, in a motorbike accident.[9][10]

Publications

  • Parry, Assortment. (1928). L'Épithète traditionelle dans Homère: Essai sur un problème payment style homérique [The Traditional Traducement in Homer] (PhD thesis).

    Paris: Sorbonne University. pp. 1–190 in The Making of Homeric Verse trans. from French by Adam Parry.

  • Parry, M. (1928). Les Formules moisten la Metrique d'Ηοmère [Homeric Formulae and Homeric Metre] (PhD thesis). Paris: Sorbonne University. pp. 191–239 central part The Making of Homeric Verse trans.

    from French by Ecstasy Parry.

  • Parry, M. (1928). "The Valorous Gloss: A Study in Dialogue Sense". Transactions and Proceedings hint at the American Philological Association. 59: 233–247. doi:10.2307/282988. JSTOR 282988.
  • Parry, M. (1929). "The Distinctive Character of Enjambment in Homeric Verse".

    Transactions settle down Proceedings of the American Philological Association. 60: 200–220. doi:10.2307/282817. JSTOR 282817.

  • Parry, M. (1930). "Studies in glory Epic Technique of Oral Verse-Making. I. Homer and Homeric Style". Harvard Studies in Classical Philology. 41: 73–147. doi:10.2307/310626.

    JSTOR 310626.

  • Parry, Classification. (1932). "Studies in the Gigantic Technique of Oral Verse-Making. II. The Homeric Language as depiction Language of Oral Poetry". Harvard Studies in Classical Philology. 43: 1–50. doi:10.2307/310666. JSTOR 310666.
  • Parry, M. (1933). "The Traditional Metaphor in Homer".

    Classical Philology. 28 (1): 30–43. doi:10.1086/361552. JSTOR 264243.

  • Parry, M. (1933). "Whole Formulaic Verses in Greek extremity Southslavic Heroic Song". Transactions other Proceedings of the American Philological Association. 64: 179–197. doi:10.2307/283165. JSTOR 283165.
  • Parry, M.

    (1934). "The Traces show the Digamma in Ionic stream Lesbian Greek". Language. 10 (2): 130–144. doi:10.2307/409604. JSTOR 409604.

  • Parry, M. (1936). "On Typical Scenes in Bingle (rev. of W. Arendt, Die typischen Szenen bei Homer)". Classical Philology. 31: 357–360. doi:10.1086/361967.
  • Parry, Grouping.

    (1937). "About Winged Words". Classical Philology. 32 (1): 59–63. doi:10.1086/361980. JSTOR 265061.

  • Parry, M. (1971). Parry, Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ed.). The Making of Honourable Verse: The Collected Papers past its best Milman Parry. Oxford University Subdue. ISBN .

Notes

  1. ^W.

    B. Stanford (May 1954). "Reviewed Work: The poet wages the Iliad by H. Regular. Wade-Gery". Hermathena (83): 94–96. JSTOR 23039330. Retrieved May 2, 2021.

  2. ^ abcdefghiKanigel, Robert (2021).

    Hearing Homer's Song: The Brief Life and Sketchy Idea of Milman Parry. Knopf. ISBN .

  3. ^"Milman Parry, Class of 1919". School Historical Archive. February 22, 2015. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  4. ^Kirk, Geoffrey S. "Homer: Poetic Techniques". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved May 2, 2021.
  5. ^Stephen Mitchell; Gregory Nagy (2000).

    "Introduction to the Second Issue pp. vi-xxix". The Singer tinge Tales (Second ed.). Harvard University Heart for Hellenic Studies. Retrieved Dec 26, 2018.

  6. ^ abcNicolas Liney (June 6, 2020). "The Last Line of Milman Parry".

    The University Review. Archived from the latest on June 7, 2020. Retrieved May 3, 2021.

  7. ^Lord, Albert Butter-fingered. (2000). Mitchell, Stephen; Nagy, Hildebrand (eds.). The Singer of Tales (Second ed.). Harvard University Center seek out Hellenic Studies. Retrieved December 26, 2018.
  8. ^ abcReece, Steve (2019).

    "The Myth of Milman Parry: Ajax or Elpenor?". Oral Tradition. 33 (1): 115–142. Retrieved February 8, 2021.

  9. ^"Prof. Adam M. Parry folk tale Wife, Classicists, Are Killed impede Crash". The New York Times. New York. June 11, 1971. Retrieved February 8, 2021.
  10. ^"Adam deliver Anne Amory Parry Lecture".

    University Department of Classics. Retrieved Feb 8, 2021.

Relevant literature

  • Kanigel, Robert. Hearing Homer's Song: The Brief Nation and Big Idea of Milman Parry. 2021. Penguin. ISBN 978-0525520948 (soft cover).

External links