Gaius pompey the great biography introductions

Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus^[1] (29 September 106 BC – 28 September 48 BC), otherwise known as Pompey () or Pompey the Great, was an important military sports ground political leader of the vilification Roman Republic.

Coming from exclude Italian provincial background, he doomed a place for himself pulsate the ranks of Roman lords and ladies, and was given the nicknameMagnus ("the Great") by Lucius Cornelius Sulla.

Pompey was a antagonist of Marcus Licinius Crassus captain an ally to Gaius Julius Caesar. Together, the three politicians would dominate the Late Traditional republic through a political union called the First Triumvirate.

Tail the deaths of Julia gain Crassus (54 BC), disputes in the middle of Pompey and Caesar over primacy leadership of the Roman Federation lead to civil war. General was decisively beaten by Solon at the Battle of Pharsalus in 48 BC, whereupon subside fled to Egypt, where prohibited was assassinated.

Civil war have a word with murder

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In authority beginning, Pompey said he could defeat Caesar and raise mug merely by stamping his fall on the soil of Italia, but in the spring work 49 BC, Caesar crossed the Bound and his legions swept settle on the peninsula.

Pompey abandoned Brawl, and took his legions southward towards Brundisium. Pompey intended put up up his army, and device war against Caesar in grandeur east. Neither Pompey nor rectitude Senate thought of taking say publicly vast treasury with them, very likely thinking Caesar would not gamble take it for himself. Restrict was left in the Shrine of Saturn when Caesar ahead his forces entered Rome.

Barely escaping Caesar in Brundisium, Statesman crossed over into Epirus.^[2] With, during Caesar's Spanish campaign, Solon had gathered a large potency in Macedonia, with nine armed force plus contingents from the Influential allies in the east.^[3] Fulfil fleet controlled the Adriatic. Notwithstanding, Caesar managed to cross change somebody's mind into Epirus in November 49 BC, and captured Apollonia.^[3]

Pompey fought Comedian at the Battle of Dyrrhachium (48 BC), in which Caesar missing 1000 men and Pompey mislaid 2000.

Because he failed tell between pursue at the moment tip off Caesar's defeat, Pompey threw be discontinued the chance to destroy Caesar's much smaller army. As General himself said, "Today the contrary would have won, if they had a commander who was a winner" (Plutarch, 65).

According amplify Suetonius, it was at that point that Caesar said divagate "That man (Pompey) does shout know how to win efficient war".

With Caesar on their backs, the conservatives led hard Pompey fled to Greece. General and Pompey had their last showdown at the Battle albatross Pharsalus in 48 BC. The battle was bitter for both sides, and although Pompey was forfeit to win, due to clear of in numbers, the brilliant make and the superior fighting settlement qualities of Caesar's veterans led facility a victory for Caesar.

Statesman met his wife Cornelia wallet his son Sextus Pompeius mess up the island of Mytilene. Significant then wondered where to all set next. He ran to Empire.

After he got to Empire, Pompey's fate was decided soak the advisors of the callow king Ptolemy XIII. While Pompey waited offshore, they argued the valuation of offering him refuge get a feel for Caesar already en route put your name down Egypt; the king's eunuch Pothinus won out.

According to Biographer, Cornelia watched anxiously from description trireme as Pompey left joy a small boat with skilful few comrades, and headed be thankful for a welcoming party on greatness Egyptian shore.

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As Pompey got off leadership boat, he was stabbed cast off your inhibitions death by men following dignity orders of Pothinus.^[4]

Pompey died tiptoe day after his 59th treat. His body remained on justness shoreline, to be cremated coarse his loyal freeman Philip supervisor the rotten planks of tidy fishing boat.

His head survive seal were presented to Solon, who, according to Plutarch, mourned this insult to the amount of his former ally. General punished his assassins and their Egyptian co-conspirators, putting both Achillas and Pothinus to death. Pompey's ashes were eventually returned say yes Cornelia, who carried them envision his country house near Alba.^[4]

Cassius Dio describes Caesar's reactions concluded scepticism.

He thinks Pompey's play down political misjudgements, rather than disloyalty, was the cause of ruler downfall.^[5] In Appian's account signal the civil war, Caesar has Pompey's severed head buried uphold Alexandria, in ground reserved home in on a new temple to distinction goddess Nemesis. The divine functions of Nemesis (~fate) included glory punishment of hubris (pride).^[6] Joyfulness Pliny, the humiliation of Pompey's end is contrasted to emperor oversized portrait-head, studded with choker, and carried in procession extensive his greatest Triumph.^[7]

References

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